F
Sof t F
r
ui t Confe
r
ence
F
ef
r
uitg
r
owe
r
.co.uk
ThE FrUITGrOWEr •MArCh 2017
Ephedrus cerasicola
. Eac
h
species
h
as its own p
r
efe
r
ences
and toget
h
e
r
t
h
ey deal wit
h
t
h
emost commonly occu
rr
ing
types of ap
h
id. T
h
ismakes Ap
h
iscout t
h
e ideal fo
r
m of basic
p
r
otection against ap
h
ids, and t
h
e pa
r
asitized ap
h
ids also
p
r
ovide info
r
mation onw
h
ic
h
pa
r
asiticwasps can best be
r
eleased fo
r
a la
r
ge-scale offensive.
T
h
e p
r
oduct is supplied in a cylinde
r
containing 250
mummies. T
h
anks to t
h
e felt Necta
r
Pad containing suga
r
wate
r
inside t
h
e containe
r
, t
h
e pa
r
asiticwasps can go into
battle fully ene
r
gised. T
h
e packaging featu
r
es a simple
h
anging system, w
h
e
r
eby t
h
e sticky oute
r
laye
r
of t
h
e label
can be used to fix t
h
e containe
r
a
r
ound awi
r
e o
r
a plant
stem.
Thrips instrawberries
T
h
e cont
r
ol of t
hr
ips continues topose c
h
allenges inmany
st
r
awbe
rr
y c
r
ops. Ma
r
ieke Te
r
voo
r
t of hoogst
r
atenresea
r
c
h
Cent
r
e, Belgium, outlinedwo
r
k on t
h
e best use of p
r
edato
r
y
mites to cont
r
ol weste
r
n flowe
r
t
hr
ips in seve
r
al c
r
opping
situations.
F
r
om
r
esults of t
r
ials inBelgium s
h
e suggested t
h
e best
p
r
edato
r
ymites to use in va
r
ious situations:
Amblydromalus
limonicus
at 3 x 100/sqm fo
r
double c
r
opping unde
r
glass,
summe
r
and autumn cultivation unde
r
glass, and sp
r
ing and
autumn cultivation in plastic g
r
een
h
ouses;
Amblyseius
swirskii
at 3 x 100/sqm fo
r
summe
r
cultivation, glass
h
ouse
and open field c
r
ops: and
Neoseiulus cucumeris
at 4 x
250/sqm fo
r
sp
r
ing cultivation in plastic g
r
een
h
ouses.
Ma
r
ieke said t
h
at yea
r
-
r
oundp
r
otection against t
hr
ipswas
needed fo
r
many situations, but in some cases t
h
e p
r
edato
r
population build-upp
r
oved tobe difficult.Wit
h
t
h
e
h
ig
h
p
r
essu
r
e of t
hr
ips, t
h
e c
h
allengewas to use compatible
t
r
eatments to assist biological cont
r
ol agents, suc
h
as
entomopat
h
ogenic fungi and ot
h
e
r
selective biological o
r
c
h
emical pesticides. Fo
r
all t
r
eatments,
h
oweve
r
, it was
essential to know t
h
e potential effects on biological agents.
A combination of p
r
edato
r
ymites suc
h
as
A. limonicus
plus
N. cucumeris
is likely tobe useful.
Ju
r
genBouve
r
oux of Biobest, based inBelgium,
discussed
h
is app
r
oac
h
to t
h
e cont
r
ol of t
hr
ips, outlining t
h
at
diffe
r
ent seasons and c
r
ops neededdiffe
r
ent app
r
oac
h
es;
fo
r
example, ea
r
ly sp
r
ing c
r
ops, glass
h
ouse summe
r
c
r
ops
and autumn eve
r
bea
r
e
r
c
r
ops all needed tobe dealt wit
h
diffe
r
ently.
In ea
r
ly sp
r
ing c
r
opswit
h
s
h
o
r
t daylengt
h
, low nig
h
t
tempe
r
atu
r
es occu
r
wit
h
lowp
r
essu
r
e f
r
om t
hr
ips
ove
r
winte
r
ing in t
h
e
glass
h
ouse and no
incoming t
hr
ips.
Ju
r
gen
r
ecommended a
cont
r
ol st
r
ategy
t
h
at involves a
clean sta
r
t, wit
h
no
c
h
emicals used
du
r
ing t
h
e c
r
op-
cycle, andmass
t
r
appingwit
h
yellow andblue
sticky t
r
aps befo
r
e
flowe
r
ing.W
h
en
flowe
r
ing occu
r
s,
Amblyseius
cucumeris
sac
h
ets
s
h
ouldbe
int
r
oduced and t
h
e
application
r
epeated using t
h
e
sp
r
inkle
r
system
seve
r
al times and asmuc
h
as is needed.
Glass
h
ouse eve
r
bea
r
e
r
c
r
ops expe
r
ience
h
ig
h
e
r
tempe
r
atu
r
es and longe
r
daylig
h
t, and seve
r
al va
r
ieties
h
ave flowe
r
s t
h
at a
r
e ve
r
y att
r
active to t
hr
ips. Consequently,
t
h
e
r
e is a fast population build-up. T
h
e
r
ecommended
cont
r
ol st
r
ategy in t
h
ese c
r
opswas based on using seve
r
al
beneficial insects, due to t
h
e bette
r
climate and longe
r
c
r
op-cycle. Befo
r
e flowe
r
ing, mass t
r
appingwit
h
yellow and
blue sticky t
r
aps s
h
ouldbe employed and t
h
en, w
h
en
flowe
r
s occu
r
,
Amblyseius cucumeris
s
h
ouldbe int
r
oduced
via t
h
e sp
r
inkle
r
system o
r
in sac
h
ets, o
r
Amblyd
r
omalus
limonicus can be used.W
h
enw
h
itefly occu
r
s,
Amblydromalus limonicus
o
r
Amblyseius swirskii
s
h
ould
alsobe used, andO
r
ius s
h
ouldbe applied immediately at a
low
r
ate. In cases of
h
ig
h
t
hr
ips p
r
essu
r
e, immediately afte
r
planting
Hypoaspismiles
s
h
ouldbe applied to t
h
e
subst
r
ate at a p
r
eventive
r
ate of 50-200pcs/m.
Hypoaspis
miles
consume t
h
e pupae of t
hr
ips and
r
educe t
h
e
eme
r
gence of adult t
hr
ips by about 30%.
T
h
e gene
r
al advice is to sta
r
t t
h
e cont
r
ol p
r
og
r
amme
befo
r
e flowe
r
ing, avoid focusing on just one beneficial and
not to expect immediate
r
esults. As beneficials a
r
e t
h
e
backbone of t
h
e cont
r
ol p
r
og
r
amme, c
h
emicals s
h
ould
only be usedw
h
en essential.
◆
22
Climate
Temperature Relative
Humidity
Day
Lenngth
Predatorymiteestablishingpopulation
Cold
12:8°C
55:70%
8:46hr
Euseiusgallicus, Neoseiulus cucumeris
Mild
18:10°C
70:80%
12:12hr
Euseius gallicus, Neoseiulus cucumeris
,
Amblydromalus limonicus
Warm
25:12°C
60:85%
16:8 hr
Euseius gallicus, Amblyseius swirskii
Length
