23
F
c
her r
i
e
s
F
The FruITGrOwer • December 2016
www
.a
c
tp
ub
.
c
o.
u
k
re
f
r
ig
er
at
e
d fo
r
t
hew
int
er
and tak
e
n o
u
t and p
u
t
b
a
c
k in t
he
o
rch
a
r
ds to
h
at
ch
j
u
st
be
fo
re
flo
wer
ing.
It is too
e
a
r
ly to
be
s
ure
a
b
o
u
t any
be
n
e
fi
c
ial
e
ff
ec
ts on f
ru
it
yi
e
ld and t
he
q
u
ality of t
he
solita
r
y
bee
s,
bu
t of a f
ew
asp
ec
ts
ro
b
is q
u
it
e
s
ure
. “Solita
r
y
bee
s fly at
much
c
ool
er
t
em
p
er
at
ure
s (10c) t
h
an
h
on
e
y
bee
s,”
he
said. “Also, not only
do t
he
y sta
r
t flying
e
a
r
li
er
in t
hem
o
r
ning
bu
t
c
ontin
ue
u
ntil
lat
er
into t
he
e
v
e
ning,
wh
i
chme
ans
we
n
ee
d f
ewer
of t
hem
.”
So
me
t
h
ing
e
ls
e
t
h
at ro
b
is pl
e
as
e
d
w
it
h
is t
h
at solita
r
y
bee
s
a
re
be
tt
er
pollinato
r
s. “unlik
e
h
on
e
y
bee
s and
bumb
l
ebee
s t
he
y
don’t sto
re
poll
e
n in ‘po
c
k
e
ts’ on t
he
i
r
re
a
r
l
e
gs; inst
e
ad, t
he
y
c
a
rr
y it on t
he
i
r
be
lly
h
ai
r
, and los
em
o
re
of it as t
he
y visit
flo
wer
s. T
h
is l
e
ads to
be
tt
er
cr
oss-pollination.”
ro
b
says t
h
at a good
cr
op of
cherr
i
e
s is 19 tonn
e
s/
h
a, and
h
is t
ree
s
h
av
e
p
r
od
uce
d
u
p to 25 tonn
e
s/
h
a,
wh
i
ch
he
be
li
e
v
e
s is too
much
. w
he
n t
he
yo
u
ng t
ree
s a
re
plant
e
d t
he
y
ai
m
fo
r
fiv
e
to s
e
v
e
n
br
an
che
s, t
h
at t
he
y
h
av
e
c
al
cu
lat
e
d to
be
n
ee
d
e
d to p
r
od
uce
av
er
ag
e
yi
e
lds of 15-19 tonn
e
s/
h
a. T
ree
s
w
it
h
e
ig
h
t to t
e
n p
r
od
uc
ing
br
an
che
s a
re
fin
e
, pl
u
s a f
ew
re
n
ew
a
b
l
e
br
an
che
s, so
he
ai
m
s fo
r
a total of
10-14
br
an
che
s.
ro
b
s
h
o
we
d so
me
fig
ure
s fo
r
t
he
2010-
plant
e
d t
ree
s, s
h
o
w
ing t
h
at t
he
Ko
r
dia t
ree
s
yi
e
ld
e
d 5 tonn
e
s/
h
a in 2011 and t
he
r
e
gina
t
ree
s 13 tonn
e
s/
h
a. bot
h
va
r
i
e
ti
e
s p
r
od
uce
d
12-15 tonn
e
s/
h
a d
ur
ing 2012 and 2013, and
19 tonn
e
s/
h
a in 2014. P
r
od
uc
tion d
r
opp
e
d to
j
u
st 15 tonn
e
s/
h
a last y
e
a
r
,
wh
i
chw
as, of
c
o
ur
s
e
, d
ue
to t
he
sto
rm
da
m
ag
e
.
A la
r
g
e
p
erce
ntag
e
of t
he
cherr
i
e
s pi
c
k
e
d
a
re
in t
he
26-28
mm
r
ang
e
and t
he
t
ree
s a
re
pi
c
k
e
d ov
er
t
w
o o
r
t
hree
ti
me
s,
r
otating
a
r
o
u
nd t
he
t
hree
cherr
y o
rch
a
r
ds. ro
b
st
re
ss
e
s t
h
at t
h
is is t
he
be
st
re
gi
me
fo
r
q
u
ality
bu
t not fo
r
c
osts. “Pi
c
king s
e
v
er
al ti
me
s is t
he
m
o
re
e
xp
e
nsiv
e
option,
bu
t p
r
ovid
e
s
u
s
w
it
h
a
be
tt
er
p
r
od
uc
t.” T
he
y pi
c
k t
he
da
r
k
er
cherr
i
e
s
fi
r
st, and t
he
s
e
a
re
g
e
n
er
ally fo
u
nd on t
he
o
u
tsid
e
of t
he
t
ree
s. All c
er
isa
cherr
i
e
s a
re
c
a
re
f
u
lly pa
c
k
e
d
b
y
h
and, andro
b
st
re
ss
e
s t
he
i
m
po
r
tan
ce
of
e
a
ch
cherr
y
h
aving
a top to t
he
stalk. “T
h
is is
cruc
ial,
bec
a
u
s
e
it p
re
v
e
nts
m
oist
ure
loss.”
T
here
is a v
er
y good
re
ason
wh
y t
he
bu
sin
e
ss
u
s
e
s Gis
e
la 3
r
ootsto
c
ks. ro
b
fi
r
st sa
w
t
he
s
ewhe
n visiting a
re
s
e
a
rch
station a d
ec
ad
e
ago, and
h
as
u
s
e
d t
hem
e
v
er
sin
ce
. “Yo
u
n
ee
d t
he
be
st soil and
w
at
er
,
bu
t Gis
e
la 3’s
c
o
m
pati
b
ility
w
it
h
t
he
t
w
o va
r
i
e
ti
e
s
we
u
s
e
, and o
ur
re
q
u
i
reme
nt fo
r
s
m
all t
ree
s
p
r
od
uc
ing
h
ig
h
q
u
ality f
ru
it, is good.” So
me
t
h
ing
e
ls
e
t
h
at
he
st
re
ss
e
s
w
it
h
Gis
e
la 3 is t
h
at 20
cm
of n
ew
g
r
o
w
t
h
e
a
ch
y
e
a
r
is
pl
e
nty. h
e
p
ru
n
e
s to g
e
t
cherr
i
e
s in t
he
fi
r
st 2.5
m
of t
he
t
ree
’s
he
ig
h
t and a
m
axi
mum
t
ree
he
ig
h
t of 3
m
.
Finally, visito
r
s
h
ad an oppo
r
t
u
nity to look at t
he
Vo
e
n
o
rch
a
r
d
c
ov
er
,
w
it
h
ins
ec
t
me
s
h
,
be
ing install
e
d on t
he
last of
t
he
t
hree
cherr
y o
rch
a
r
ds. T
he
inst
ruc
tion fo
r
t
he
installation
w
as
rece
iv
e
d too lat
e
to
h
av
e
it in pla
ce
be
fo
re
t
he
cr
op
flo
were
d,
bu
t t
he
G
erm
an Vo
e
n
c
o
m
pany
w
as
w
o
r
king
h
a
r
d to
finis
h
it and
rec
kons it tak
e
s a
r
o
u
nd 160
m
an-
h
o
ur
s to
c
ov
er
a
hec
ta
re
.
T
he
s
u
ppo
r
t pol
e
s a
re
lo
c
at
e
d at a spa
c
ing of 8.5
m
, and
we
u
nd
er
stand t
h
at t
h
is is t
he
fi
r
st p
r
oj
ec
t in e
ur
op
ewhere
t
he
o
rch
a
r
d
w
as
m
app
e
d
u
singGPS. T
he
1,000 lo
c
ations n
ee
d
e
d
to
c
ov
er
t
he
plot
werem
a
r
k
e
d in on
e
day, and all t
h
is at a
c
ost
of j
u
st €400. Vo
e
n is so pl
e
as
e
d
w
it
h
t
he
re
s
u
lts t
h
at t
he
c
o
m
pany
m
ay
u
s
e
s
uch
a syst
em
in t
he
f
u
t
ure
, and t
he
c
o
m
pany is also pl
e
as
e
d
w
it
h
t
he
S
we
dis
h
ti
mber
pol
e
s t
h
at
p
r
ovid
e
a lif
e
e
xp
ec
tan
c
y of a
r
o
u
nd 25 y
e
a
r
s,
whe
nG
erm
an
w
ood s
ur
viv
e
s fo
r
j
u
st
h
alf t
h
is ti
me
.
T
he
c
anopy is 4.2
m
h
ig
h
and p
r
ovid
e
s pl
e
nty of
he
ad
r
oo
m
fo
r
t
r
a
c
to
r
s and
m
a
ch
in
er
y to pass
be
lo
w
. T
he
Vo
e
n
re
p
re
s
e
ntativ
e
also
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
e
d t
he
additional
c
ov
er
s at
b
ot
h
e
nds of t
he
o
rch
a
r
d,
wh
i
ch
a
rew
id
e
e
no
u
g
h
to allo
w
a t
r
a
c
to
r
and atta
chme
nt to t
ur
n into t
he
n
e
xt
r
o
w
, p
r
oviding on
e
doo
r
into and o
u
t of t
he
o
rch
a
r
d.
◆
